Author-created surrogate time intervals misrepresents actual times.

1. Postoperative Visual Loss Study Group: Risk factors associated with ischemic optic neuropathy after spinal fusion surgery. ANESTHESIOLOGY 2012; 116:15–24 2. Shen Y, Drum M, Roth S: The prevalence of perioperative visual loss in the United States: A 10-year study from 1996 to 2005 of spinal, orthopedic, cardiac, and general surgery. Anesth Analg 2009; 109:1534 – 45 3. Mathews MK: Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2005; 16:341–5 4. Lee LA, Roth S, Posner KL, Cheney FW, Caplan RA, Newman NJ, Domino KB: The American Society of Anesthesiologists Postoperative Visual Loss Registry: Analysis of 93 spine surgery cases with postoperative visual loss. ANESTHESIOLOGY 2006; 105:652–9 5. Salgado C, Vilson F, Miller NR, Bernstein SL: Cellular inflammation in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and its primate model. Arch Ophthalmol 2011; 129:1583–91 6. Terrando N, Monaco C, Ma D, Foxwell BM, Feldmann M, Maze M: Tumor necrosis factortriggers a cytokine cascade yielding postoperative cognitive decline. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:20518 –22 7. American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blindness: Practice advisory for perioperative visual loss associated with spine surgery: A report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blindness. ANESTHESIOLOGY 2006; 104:1319 –28 8. Pazos GA, Leonard DW, Blice J, Thompson DH: Blindness after bilateral neck dissection: Case report and review. Am J Otolaryngol 1999; 20:340 –5 9. Weber ED, Colyer MH, Lesser RL, Subramanian PS: Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy after minimally invasive prostatectomy. J Neuroophthalmol 2007; 27:285–7 10. Lee LA, Posner KL, Bruchas R, Roth S, Domino KB: Visual loss after prostatectomy. Paper presented at: annual meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists; October 18, 2010; San Diego, California 11. Mizrahi H, Hugkulstone CE, Vyakarnam P, Parker MC: Bilateral ischaemic optic neuropathy following laparoscopic proctocolectomy: A case report. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2011; 93:e53– 4